Functionalization of carbon nanotubes drexel university. This selective deposition of the nanotubes allowed the production of prototype carbon nanotube fieldeffect transistors with higher device yields than were obtained with unfunctionalized tubes. Us20090306427a1 chemical functionalization of carbon. Carbon nanotube functionalization book chapter iopscience. Ullmann reactions of carbon nanotubesadvantageous and.
Functionalization methods of carbon nanotubes and its. Applications of functionalized carbon nanotubes for the. Thermally activated chemical functionalization184 3. In simple words the carbon nanotubes have the hexagonal cells lattice rolled onto itself with the diameters in the order of nanometers and length in the order of several micrometers. The two main methods of carbon nanotube functionalization are covalent and noncovalent modifications. Graphite is made up of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, like chicken wire see. The solubilization of the nanotubes generates a novel. Functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by. A typical strategy for covalently functionalizing cnts employs reactions that target the carboncarbon double bonds. May 28, 2002 through chemical functionalization of single. We now report selective reaction pathways of carbon nanotubes in which covalent chemical functionalization is controlled by differences in the nanotube electronic structure. We used covalent attachments to singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts to fabricate singlemolecule electronic devices. This is an example of an on water reaction that leads to functionalized swnts, and it represents a green, or environmentally friendly, process.
Electrochemical functionalization of single wall carbon. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes and its application. Cooh functionalized carbon nanotubes, aka carboxylated. This book compiles all current information on the different types of functionalization of carbon nanotubes cnts and graphene, both covalent and noncovalent. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes fb physik, fu berlin. Representative results concerning the solubility, dispersion, defunctionalization, and optical properties of the. The solubility of these functionalized carbon nanotubes makes it possible to characterize and study the properties of carbon nanotubes using solutionbased techniques. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes for biocompatibility and biomolecular recognition moonsub shim, nadine wong shi kam, robert j.
Conductancecontrolled point functionalization of single. We confirm the versatility and efficiency of the reaction allowing functionalization degrees up to 3. Surface functionalization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes using metal nanoparticles goohwan jeong department of advanced materials science and engineering, kangwon national university, chuncheon, kangwon, 200701, korea received 18 june 2008. Dyachkova and others published functionalization of carbon nanotubes. In this thesis, we explore strategies to functionalize cnts as well as applications which are enabled by functionalized cnts. Functionalization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes with. Pdf 5 functionalization of carbon nanotubes semantic scholar. Introduction to carbon nanotubes a new carbon allotrope functionalization of carbon nanotubes covalent functionalization halogenation of carbon nano. Water solubilization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes by. Advanced technology for functionalization of carbon nanotubes.
Cnts are usually functionalized by harsh oxidative processes, such. The functionalization of carbon nanotubes consists on the attachment of organic or inorganic moieties to their tubular structure. Its strength and stability of attachment come at the price of degrading the carbon. Functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by microwave irradiation for lysozyme attachment.
Pdf functionalization of carbon nanotubes researchgate. We demonstrate ullmanntype reactions as novel and advantageous functionalization of carbon nanotubes cnts toward tunable surface chemistry. Carbon nanotubes cnts are emerging as novel nanomaterials for various biomedical applications. Carbon nanotubes cnts possess a unique set of electrical and mechanical properties and have been used in a variety of applications. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Thus, a number of carboxyl derivatives such as esters and amides have been described with the aim of attaching small or large macromolecules to carbon nanotubes. Cnts can be used to deliver a variety of therapeutic agents, including biomolecules, to the target. Covalent carbon nanotube functionalization springerlink. Carbon nanotubes cnts have unique properties which can be modified through surface functionalization. Plasma functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Sep 12, 2003 we now report selective reaction pathways of carbon nanotubes in which covalent chemical functionalization is controlled by differences in the nanotube electronic structure. Introduction to carbon nanotubes a new carbon allotrope functionalization of carbon nanotubes covalent functionalization halogenation of carbon.
Electronic structure control of singlewalled carbon nanotube. Luminescent carbon nanotubes by surface functionalization. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes and its application in. Carbon is the chemical element with atomic number 6 and has six electrons which occupy 1 s 2, 2 s 2, and 2p 2 atomic orbital. These typically have a high zeta potential, varying from 30 to 70mv as a function of ph. We highly recommend our paste versions of the cooh terminated nanotubes. Group generation and functionalization, claes henrik an.
However, despite the remarkable progress made in the synthesis methods during the last 34 years, the costs are still too high for largescale applications of the nanotubes. Hydroxyl functionalization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes causes inhibition to the bacterial denitrification process. Although, noncovalent functionalization of swcnt does not produce significant damage in the carbon nanotubes structure, the weak interaction between the functional molecule and the cnts, may not offer high stability, producing leaching and loss of the properties achieved after the functionalization. Singlewalled carbon nanotubes 205 dices determine whether a swnt will be a metal or a semiconductor. The derivatized tubes differ from the crude materials in their good solubility, which enables both a more extensive characterization and subsequent chemical reactivity. Author links open overlay panel yinglong su a xiong zheng a aihui chen a yinguang chen a guangyu he b haiqun chen b. The process comprises dispersing carbon nanotube salts in a solvent. Media in category carbon nanotube functionalization the following 16 files are in this category, out of 16 total. Electronic structure control of singlewalled carbon.
Carbon nanotubes in drug and gene delivery mahdi karimi, amir ghasemi, soroush mirkiani, seyed masoud moosavi basri and michael r hamblin chapter 4 carbon nanotube functionalization 4. The derivatized tubes exhibit improved properties with respect to solubility and. Discoveries of very constant nanometer size sp 2 carbon bonded materials such as graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes have encouraged to make inquiries in this field. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes a thesis submitted to the faculty of drexel university by guzeliya korneva in partial fulfillment of the. During the formation of the tbunswntn, a homogeneous dispersion in benzene was formed due to the electrostatic. Chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes maxplanckinstitut. Keywords carbon nanotubes functionalization supramolecular chemistry. The functionalization routes comprise o, n, and carylation of chlorinated cnts. By inyup jeon, dong wook chang, nanjundan ashok kumar and jongbeom baek.
A new reaction sequence for the chemical functionalization of singlewall carbon nanotubes swnts consisting of the nucleophilic addition of tbuli to the sidewalls of the tubes and the subsequent reoxidation of the intermediates tbunswntn leading to tbunswnt was developed. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes cnts has attracted considerable interest in the. Cryogenic grinding seminar and ppt with pdf report. Revised manuscript received january 12, 2002 abstract. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes for biocompatibility. We demonstrate the utility of these chemical pathways for manipulation of nanotubes of distinct electronic types by selective functionalization of metallic nanotubes. Pdf on aug 17, 2011, inyup jeon and others published functionalization of carbon nanotubes find, read and cite all the research you need on. Grouping all carbon nanotubes into a single substance. A very general and versatile method for functionalizing different types of carbon nanotubes is described, using the 1,3dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes a thesis submitted to the faculty of drexel university by guzeliya korneva in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy. Approximately one organic group per 100 carbon atoms of the nanotube is introduced, to yield remakably soluble bundles of nanotubes, as seen in transmission electron micrographs. Carbon nanotubes are nanometerscale materials with important properties, but their use in nanofabrication will require further development of methods for controlled positioning at welldefined. Thiolation of carbon nanotubes and sidewall functionalization.
Introduction carbon nanostructures like fullerenes, graphene and nanotubes are of great interest for the current research as well as for future industrial applications. Carbon nanotubes can be functionalized via amidation and esterification of the nanotubebound carboxylic acids. Group generation and functionalization, claeshenrik an. Covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with an azoic oglycoside. Pdf functionalization of carbon nanotubes akos kukovecz. Covalent functionalization of cnts is achieved either by direct functionalization or by indirect functionalization using carboxylic moieties on the exterior surface of the nanotubes. Functionalized carbon nanotubes properties are unique due to the well known strength and conductivity properties of carbon nanotubes combined with a variety of functional groups attached to the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The fluorination of the carbon nanotubes results in functionalization and modification of pristine nanotubes with respect to adsorption and electrochemical properties. Shahryarighoshekandi 1department of chemistry, science and research branch, islamic azad university, tehran, iran. Functionalization and applications of carbon nanotubes. Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes copyrighted. Schematics of a singlewalled carbon nanotube swcnt and.
Singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts are exfoliated and functionalized into small bundles and individuals by vigorous stirring on water in the presence of a substituted aniline and an oxidizing agent. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes functional organic. Surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes is an effective way of improving the solubility and dispersion of the nanotubes in aqueous solutions and to design new hybrid materials by coupling the properties of novel nanostructures to the carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes cnts functionalization was carried out with radio frequency plasma in different working gas aro 2 and aro 2 n 2 at different plasma powers to synthesize epoxy nanocomposites. Functionalized carbon nanotubes properties are unique due to the well known strength and conductivity properties of carbon nanotubes combined with a variety of functional groups attached to the surface of the carbon nanotubes which promotes their use in many applications. During the formation of the tbunswntn, a homogeneous dispersion in benzene was formed due to the. Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes via co.
Grouping all carbon nanotubes into a single substance category is scientifically unjustified. Through the functionalization of carbon nanotubes, it is possible to modulate their physicochemical properties, increasing their ease. Surface functionalization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes. There are many reasons why one would want to form chemical attachments to the walls or ends of carbon nanotubes. The above results show the successful noncovalent modification of carbon nanotubes. Nanotube dispersion can be achieved via functionalizing cnts by a wide range of polymers. Yasemin yuksel durmaz, marco sangermano, yusuf yagci.
Chen, yiming li, and hongjie dai department of chemistry, stanford university, stanford, california 94305 received december 5, 2001. Though various methods for enhancing the interaction between cnts and polymers were adopted in the recent past, the two main routes. The ability of several functionalized and unfunctionalized cnts to bind copper was investigated as a first step toward developing a printable cnt. Carbon nanotube functionalization wikimedia commons. Carbon nanotubes can be functionalized to attain desired properties that can be used in a wide variety of applications. Role of nitrogenoxygen plasma functionalization of carbon.
Introduction to carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes were discovered in 1991 by sumio iijima of nec and are effectively long, thin cylinders of graphite, which you will be familiar with as the material in a pencil or as the basis of some lubricants. Carbon nanotubes, drug delivery, functionalization, nanomedicine, surface modification. Artists view of carbon nanotubes functionalized with fluorescing particles. Representative results concerning the solubility, dispersion, defunctionalization, and optical properties. Functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes claudia backesa,b and andreas hirschb ainstitute of advanced materials and processes, fuerth, germany bdepartment of chemistry and pharmacy, erlangen, germany 1. The grafting of glucosamine to the nanotubes was attained by producing acyl chloride on the carboxylic groups associated with the nanotubes. Cnts, or cnts functionalization so that they could be. Pdf to text batch convert multiple files software please purchase personal license.
Recent advances in the development of reliable methods for the chemical functionalization of the nanotubes provide an additional impetus towards extending the. The functionalized cnts exhibit improved properties enabling facile fabrication of novel nanomaterials and nanodevices. The invention relates to a process for chemically functionalizing carbon nanotubes. After functionalization, these carboxylated multiwall carbon nanotubes have 27 wt% cooh by titration. Covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes cnts is the attachment of chemical moieties to the cnt tubular structure via the formation of covalent bonds, which share at least one pair of electrons between the cnt and the introduced chemical moiety. Functionalization of carbon nanotubes springerlink. Types, methods of preparation and applications parijat pandey, mandeep dahiya department of pharmaceutical sciences, maharshi dayanan d university, rohtak, har yana, india. Surface modification of uvcured epoxy resins by click chemistry. After the cnts had been treated, the fourier transform infrared ftir spectroscopy showed an additional peak at 1,740 cm.
A typical strategy for covalently functionalizing cnts employs reactions that target the carbon carbon double bonds. Shahryarighoshekandi 1department of chemistry, science and research branch, islamic azad university, tehran, iran 2young researchers and elite club, science and research branch, islamic azad university, tehran, iran. Water solubilization of singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnts has been achieved by functionalizing the swnt with glucosamine. Alternative routes for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes were found to selectively deposit themselves onto gold surfaces from ethanolic dispersions of the functionalized samples. Organic functionalization of carbon nanotubes journal of. Covalent functionalization tailors carbon nanotubes for a wide range of applications in varying environments. The technique does not rely on submicrometer lithography or precision mechanical manipulation, but instead uses circuit conductance to monitor and control covalent attachment to an electrically connected swnt.
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